| Liberal Arts Education for Personality Formation in Late Chosun Dynasty |
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Hyangsook Kim |
| 인성함양을 위한 개화기의 교양교육 |
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김향숙 |
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| Abstract |
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This article aims to study the liberal arts education for personality formation conducted by Western-style modern schools in late Chosun Dynasty. As a way of studying, I will exam the education system for personality formation at Paichai Hakdang, the first modern educational institution for boys, and Ewha Hakdang, the first women school in Chosun. The systems, methods, and management conditions of liberal arts education for personality formation conducted by these two schools can also be served as a reference for our present personality education.
Both modern government and public schools and private schools in the late Chosun Dynasty share one common feature. All kinds of schools used education as a tool for realizing nationalistic values. Government and public schools focused on three traditional elements for building an upright character: virtue, health, and understanding. Also these schools aimed for a practical education and especially valued self-cultivation above everything else. They thought talented people who could save their homeland in crisis should have higher morality than absorption of knowledge.
Paichai Hakdang, the first modern school which greatly influenced on the formation of modern public education system in Korea taught people not only traditional Confucius ideology but also Western-style modern liberal arts. Paichai Hakdang stood well with Korean people by teaching Chinese letter as well as English. Korean teachers such as Seo Jaepil, Yoon Cheeho made an effort to help their students with personality education by encouraging them to take part in a variety of extracurricular activities.
The liberal arts education of Ewha Hakdang was a revolution. Especially, music, physical education, and many kinds of extracurricular activities gave a strong stimulus to girls personality formation. Knowledge through a basic curriculum and autonomous extracurricular activities outside school trained girl students to perform their social roles given to a human being. Therefore, most of students at school experienced various volunteer activities including a tour of the country, enlightenment movement for rural communities, and dispensing relief supplies, and finally they became well-equipped to be leaders. |
| Key Words:
Late Chosun Dynasty, Liberal Arts Education, extracurricular activities, Paichai Hakdang, Ewha Hakdang, Personality Formation |
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